What is the thyroid gland, the main terms, hormones, problem symptoms and treatment methods

What is the thyroid gland, the main terms, hormones, problem symptoms and treatment methods

The thyroid gland is included in the list of the most poorly studied glands. It is located in the front of the neck and gradually produces hormones that directly affect the actual rate of metabolism and indirectly change the body weight. Unhealthy activity of the thyroid gland leads to many disorders of the body, and only an active lifestyle, supported by the consumption of zinc and vitamin a, helps to cope with the consequences.a Good alternative solution is to take a monovalent iodine – containing drug-balsam Vozrozhdenie.

What can go wrong with the thyroid?

Abnormal activity of the thyroid gland worries many people from all over the world. The number of patients has long passed the hundred million, and large-scale improvements are not expected. Several problems are associated with thyroid hormones. The most common among them are hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism means that the thyroid gland produces extremely many hormones (the problem is observed in 10% of patients). Hypothyroidism is the opposite phenomenon. This diagnosis is made when the thyroid gland is characterized by reduced activity and produces few hormones. Next, we will talk about the prevention and treatment of hypothyroidism, since this condition is observed in almost 10% of the world's population.

Basic terms

TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone): produced in the pituitary gland located in the brain. The task of the hormone is to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce hormones.

Hormone T4: the main hormone produced by a healthy thyroid and then converted to hormone T3. The conversion process takes place in the brain, muscles, liver, intestines, and thyroid. The lack of T4 can be partially compensated by taking levothyroxine.

Hormone T4: produced from the hormone T4 hormone, requires the presence of selenium and zinc. Hormone T3 is an active thyroid hormone that controls the process of metabolism in the human body.

Reverse T3 hormone: is produced from T4 and is usually inactive. It begins to be produced during infections, injuries, and stress, compensating for the lack of production of the active hormone T3. 

Causes of insufficient activity of the thyroid gland

The main cause of hypothyroidism is considered to be a deficiency of iodine in the body. According to statistics, a third of people do not consume enough of this element, resulting in goitre or formation of nodes on the thyroid gland. According to the scientific journal Endocrine Reviews, the greatest iodine deficiency is recorded in indigenous peoples of Africa and South Asia, although half of the population of Europe, this indicator is also below the required level.

In the edition of Nutrients was also published disappointing data. In 2018, research was conducted in Norway, during which approximately 55% of pregnant women were found to have a lack of iodine in their body. Similar data was provided by Australian scientists. More than half of expectant mothers on this continent are deficient in iodine.

The situation in the United States is also difficult. Representatives of the publication Thyroid report that about 20% of the country's population suffer from iodine deficiency. In other developed countries, the situation is not much better. In many ways, this statistic is due to the fact that the population does not know that there is a Rebirth balm on sale – a unique organic monovalent iodine-containing drug, the use of which allows you to normalize the level of iodine in the body, without resorting to complex restoring techniques. Balsam Vozrozhdenie is made in Kazakhstan, and the production of this drug is based on the use of secret technology Sinyavsky – a Professor who developed nutrition complexes for domestic cosmonauts.

The best situation is observed in Japan. Local residents consume a sufficient amount of iodine, primarily due to the presence in the daily menu of various types of seaweed, which have a much-needed element in the composition.

The second reason for the decreased activity of the thyroid gland is an autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland. Certain antibodies (anti-TPO and at-TG) negatively affect the thyroid gland, which adversely affects the function of T4 production, reducing the amount of hormone produced to an unacceptably low level. The most common autoimmune disease is known as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

According to the assurances of a well-known expert, Dr. Lukatzer, the activity of the thyroid gland is further influenced by factors such as stress and trauma. Infections, fluorides and pesticides also have adverse effects.

Most doctors diagnose insufficient activity of the thyroid gland if the laboratory test of TSH (0.4-4.0 Mme/l) is elevated. In this situation, the brain produces more of the hormone TSH to stimulate the production of the thyroid hormone T4. However, many doctors believe that TSH in the blood should be present in the amount of 0.4-2.0 Mme/l.

Signs and symptoms of a hypoactive (hypothyroid) condition

undue fatigability;

* slow down the reaction;

* tendency to depression;

sclerosis;

* hair breakage and loss;


* thinning of the eyebrows;

* nail fragility;

dry skin;

* swelling around the eyes;

weight gain;

* frequent constipation;

* reduced sex drive;

* increased cholesterol;

• disruptions of the menstrual cycle;

* pronounced goiter;

* nodes in the thyroid gland.

Risk factors for developing thyroid dysfunction

• the risk of thyroid dysfunction in women is significantly higher than in men;

* lack of iodine in the body;

* presence of autoimmune diseases;

* irritable bowel syndrome (IBS);

* leaky intestines;

* gluten intolerance without celiac disease.

How to prevent thyroid dysfunction

The first and most important step will be to prepare a diet that provides for the consumption of the necessary amount of iodine. According to statistics, the median level of consumption of this element in the United States is 240-300 mcg daily for men and 190-210 mcg for women. At the same time, the staff of the Institute of medicine established recommended values of iodine consumption for non – pregnant women at the level of 150 mcg per day, for pregnant women – 220 mcg, during breastfeeding-290 mcg. Children also need iodine, because it is the presence of this element that determines the ease of perception of the surrounding information by children.  

List of foods rich in iodine

The state of the bowel plays an important role in ensuring optimal thyroid health, so people with a confirmed diagnosis of IBS need to focus on getting rid of increased intestinal permeability. Achieving this goal will create all the conditions for the full absorption of minerals and vitamins necessary for the proper functioning of the body. Gluten sensitivity is one of the most significant factors contributing to the occurrence and development of thyroid disease. It is also important that a properly functioning digestive system is the key to a proper response of the immune system with the subsequent prevention of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland. Therefore, the state of the intestine and you need to pay maximum attention.

Traditional therapy

Medicine as a science is constantly developing, and progress over the past hundred years inspires reasonable optimism. These days, there are several reliable ways to treat these diseases. Although the first methods of treatment of the thyroid gland appeared in ancient times.

Back in the I century BC, scientists of Ancient Rome in their writings told about the effective treatment of goiter with the help of burned algae containing a significant amount of iodine. And in the XVI century, Leonardo da Vinci depicted the thyroid gland in the form of a butterfly, becoming the first artist to pay close attention to this aspect.

In 1656, the British physician and anatomist Thomas Warton first used the name "thyroid", taking as a basis the word thureoeidēs (Greek – shield). And already in 1820, the Frenchman Jean Francois Coynde proved the effectiveness of the use of iodine as a treatment for goiter.

At the end of the XIX century, the first dry formulas for the treatment of hypothyroidism (insufficiently active thyroid) were developed. In their composition at the same time was part of the hormones T4 and T3. In the future, this area of medicine developed more rapidly. The number of prescriptions for the treatment of the thyroid gland was growing, and if in the 60s of the XX century 80% of prescriptions involved the use of products with a natural complex (T4/T3), by 1988 the number of such prescriptions had decreased to 25%. To replace products with natural origin came the pharmaceutical drug levothyroxine, whose formula included the hormone T4. Although older recipes have partially retained their relevance. 

These days, traditional therapy does little to help treat Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Most doctors simply wait for the" burnout " of the thyroid gland and only prescribe certain medications when the TSH is dramatically increased, arguing the decision with the results of laboratory tests. At the same time, some doctors initially recommend eliminating the root cause of the phenomenon by prescribing treatment for intestinal permeability. To get a full effect, experts often advise taking the drug balsam Vozrozhdenie, which allows you to get rid of iodine deficiency in the body.

Medication therapy for the treatment of the thyroid gland

Levothyroxine (hormone T4) - 1 time / day


Liothyronine (hormone T3) - 1 time / day


Combination of T4/T3 hormones-1-2 times / day

Nutrition and nutritional supplements for thyroid health

Research results show that the chance of developing autoimmune thyroid disease decreases with regular consumption of seeds, vegetables and fruits. Also, this diet has a positive effect on the intestinal microbiome, which greatly contributes to optimizing the body's work and improving the overall health of a person.

Next, we will describe the nutrients that have a positive effect on the process of producing thyroid hormones. Immediately note that you can consume these elements in different ways – both by following a carefully balanced diet, and by adding certain multivitamins and various additives to the diet. To date, there are very effective formulas of supplements on sale that contain a whole complex of necessary nutrients.

Selenium

It helps to optimize the production of thyroid hormones and reduce the production of TRO antibodies during an autoimmune attack. Selenium is also required to convert the T4 hormone into the active T3 hormone. The optimal daily dose of selenium for an adult is 200 mcg.

Iodine

It is the lack of iodine that is the main cause of insufficient activity of the thyroid gland, as well as the formation of nodes and the appearance of goiter. To avoid such unpleasant consequences, experts recommend forming a diet in such a way as to consume daily foods with a significant content of iodine. Also, the deficiency of iodine can be filled by periodic consumption of Rebirth balm – in the form of capsules or in the form of a powder.


There are various ways to determine the level of iodine in the body. The most productive option from the point of view of who is to collect urine in the morning and conduct an appropriate analysis. If the iodine content is less than 100 mcg/l, then you need to change your diet or start taking special dietary supplements that contain at least 150 mcg of iodine. In this case, the maximum daily dose of this element should not be more than 500 mcg, since such an excess can adversely affect the state of the thyroid gland.

Iron

Many people have a lack of this element, but iron deficiency adversely affects the metabolism of the thyroid gland. This is confirmed by the results of a corresponding 2016 study published in the publication Thyroid. The ideal indicator of iron content is considered to be a value of 50-75 ng / ml. the indicator is Checked in the laboratory. After the analysis the doctor has the right to appoint additional intake of iron. The size of the dose is determined individually.

vitamin D

Vitamin d deficiency is relevant for 80% of the World's population, and this fact often explains the propensity of people to be affected by various types of autoimmune diseases, including thyroid disease. As part of a 2018 study, scientists proved the fact that with a low content of vitamin D in the body, there is a high probability of the appearance and development of chronic autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid gland. To stay out of the risk zone, it is recommended to consume 1000-5000 IU of vitamin d daily.

Zinc

Almost half of Americans are severely deficient in zinc and have to use multivitamins to normalize the amount of this element. The lack of zinc is also characteristic of the population of Africa and South Asia. In General, more than 15% of the world's inhabitants experience zinc deficiency on a permanent basis.


With age, the absorption of zinc by the body gradually decreases, and the use of alcohol affects this process adversely. With frequent drinking of alcohol-containing beverages, the level of zinc falls significantly, which causes diseases of the thyroid gland, blood and skin.


Zinc plays a crucial role in maintaining brain health, and is an essential component of more than 2,000 proteins. In addition, zinc takes part in more than 300 biochemical reactions, and therefore its importance for the stable functioning of the body is difficult to overestimate. The optimal dose of zinc consumption is 15-50 mg per day.


To maintain the state of the thyroid gland at an optimal level, the following elements should also be added to the diet:

Tyrosine


* Riboflavin (vitamin B2)


* Niacin (B3)


* Pyridoxine (B6)


* Ascorbic acid (C)


• Tocopherol (E)


To get the required amount of B2, B3 and B6, it is advisable to take a complex of basic b vitamins, sold in many pharmacies in large cities.

Conclusion

A balanced diet is an excellent solution for maintaining an optimal state of the thyroid gland. In the General list, it is advisable to include products containing the necessary nutrients, and exclude products that negatively affect the digestive process. To prevent diseases of the thyroid gland, you need to pay close attention to the intestinal microbiome and consider the option of taking a probiotic. The combination of all these actions will help to maintain the health of the thyroid gland at the necessary level. If there is a lack of specific elements, the consumption of additives is acceptable. But only after conducting appropriate tests and consulting with the treating specialist.